Phase 1 and Phase 2 are two different stages of orthodontic care for kids. Phase 1 happens when your child still has baby teeth and adult teeth together (usually ages 6-10). Phase 2 happens later when all adult teeth are in (usually ages 11-14). Not every child needs both phases—some only need one.
This guide will help you learn when each phase is needed, what they cost, and how they work together to give your child a healthy smile.
What Is Phase 1 Orthodontic Treatment?
Phase 1 treatment is early care for kids who still have baby teeth mixed with adult teeth. This care usually happens between ages 6 and 9. The goal is to fix big problems early before they get worse.
Think of it like building a house. Phase 1 is when you lay the foundation and build the frame. You’re setting up everything so the rest of the house can be built right.
Why Start Treatment So Young?
The American Association of Orthodontists says all kids should see an orthodontist by age 7. By this age, your child has enough adult teeth that a doctor can spot problems early.
Starting early helps in many ways:
- Guides jaw growth while bones are still soft
- Makes room for adult teeth that haven’t come in yet
- Fixes bite problems before they get worse
- May help your child avoid surgery later
- Can make Phase 2 treatment shorter and easier
What Problems Does Phase 1 Fix?
Phase 1 treatment tackles specific issues that can’t wait. Here are the main problems it helps:
Jaw Growth Issues
- Upper or lower jaw not growing at the right speed
- Narrow upper jaw that needs widening
- Crossbite (when top teeth bite inside bottom teeth)
Space Problems
- Severe crowding of teeth
- Not enough room for adult teeth to come in
- Baby teeth lost too early
Bite Problems
- Underbite (lower jaw sticks out too far)
- Overbite (upper teeth stick out too much)
- Front teeth that don’t meet when biting
Habits That Hurt Teeth
- Thumb sucking that affects jaw shape
- Mouth breathing instead of nose breathing
- Tongue pushing against teeth
Common Phase 1 Treatments
Orthodontists use different tools during Phase 1. Phase 1 usually involves an early device like a palatal expander, habit-breaker, or bite plate to help fix jaw growth and development issues.
Palatal Expanders These widen the upper jaw to create more space. They work best when kids are still growing because the bones haven’t fully hardened yet.
Partial Braces Sometimes only a few teeth need braces early. This helps guide adult teeth into better spots as they come in.
Space Maintainers If a baby tooth falls out too early, these hold the space open for the adult tooth that will come later.
Invisalign First Clear aligners made just for kids ages 6-10. They can fix crowding, spacing, and narrow dental arches.
How Long Does Phase 1 Take?
Phase 1 treatment usually takes between 9-18 months. The exact time depends on what problems need fixing.
After Phase 1 ends, there’s a rest period. This break lets the remaining adult teeth come in naturally while the orthodontist watches how things develop.
What Does Phase 1 Cost?
Phase 1 treatment costs between $1,500 and $3,500. The price depends on:
- How complex your child’s case is
- What type of device is used
- How long treatment takes
- Where you live
Many dental insurance plans cover part of Phase 1 treatment. Ask your orthodontist about payment plans that can make treatment easier to afford.
What Is Phase 2 Orthodontic Treatment?
Phase 2 is the second stage of care. It usually begins once the adult teeth have come in and between ages 10 and 14. This is when you see the “traditional” braces or clear aligners that most people think of.
Going back to the house example, if Phase 1 built the foundation and frame, Phase 2 is when you do the wiring, plumbing, and interior design. It’s where everything comes together to look perfect.
What’s the Goal of Phase 2?
The goal of Phase 2 treatment is to make sure teeth are in their proper places for good function, a healthy bite, and a nice appearance.
Phase 2 focuses on:
- Straightening all the teeth
- Closing any gaps
- Fixing any remaining bite problems
- Creating a beautiful, lasting smile
Common Phase 2 Treatments
Traditional Metal Braces The most common choice. Metal brackets and wires move teeth into the right positions. They work for almost all types of tooth problems.
Clear Aligners Removable plastic trays that fit over teeth. Popular with teens who want a less visible option. Brands include Invisalign Teen and other clear aligner systems.
Ceramic Braces Work like metal braces but use tooth-colored brackets that blend in better. A good middle ground between metal braces and clear aligners.
Retainers After braces or aligners come off, retainers hold teeth in their new spots. You’ll need to wear them to keep your results.
How Long Does Phase 2 Take?
Phase 2 treatment generally lasts longer than Phase 1, ranging from 18 months to 3 years. Most kids wear braces or aligners for about 18-24 months.
The time varies based on:
- How much teeth need to move
- How well you follow instructions
- Whether Phase 1 was completed first
What Does Phase 2 Cost?
Phase 2 treatment costs between $3,000 and $6,000. Like Phase 1, the price depends on several things:
- Type of braces or aligners chosen
- How complex the case is
- How long treatment takes
Good news: If Phase 1 was completed, Phase 2 treatment is often shorter and less expensive. This is because Phase 1 already fixed the big problems.
Phase 1 vs Phase 2: Key Differences
Here’s a quick look at how the two phases compare:
| Feature | Phase 1 | Phase 2 |
| Age Range | 6-10 years | 11-14 years |
| Teeth Present | Mix of baby and adult teeth | All adult teeth |
| Main Goal | Fix jaw growth and bite problems | Straighten teeth and perfect smile |
| Treatment Time | 9-18 months | 18-36 months |
| Average Cost | $1,500-$3,500 | $3,000-$6,000 |
| Common Tools | Expanders, partial braces, space maintainers | Full braces, clear aligners, retainers |
| Focus | Create room and guide growth | Align teeth and finish bite correction |
Does Every Child Need Both Phases?
No! Many kids only need one phase of treatment.
Some kids only need Phase 2 or comprehensive treatment. Your orthodontist will tell you what makes the most sense for your child.
Signs Your Child May Only Need Phase 2
- No serious jaw growth problems
- Mild to moderate alignment issues
- Teeth developing normally without severe crowding
- Baby teeth fell out at normal times
Signs Your Child May Need Both Phases
- Severe bite problems like crossbite or underbite
- Jaw growing at wrong speed or direction
- Serious crowding with no room for adult teeth
- Baby teeth lost too early causing other teeth to shift
- Harmful habits like thumb sucking affecting jaw shape
What About One-Phase Treatment?
Some kids can get everything done in one phase called comprehensive treatment. This usually happens around ages 11-13 when all adult teeth are in.
One-phase treatment works well when:
- No early jaw problems exist
- Teeth are developing normally
- Timing of adult teeth coming in is good
The Rest Period Between Phases
After Phase 1 ends, most kids get a break before starting Phase 2. This rest time is really important!
What Happens During the Break?
The break between treatments allows for natural growth and development of the jaw and teeth, giving any remaining adult teeth the chance to come in naturally.
During this time:
- Your child keeps good dental habits
- Regular checkups happen every 6-12 months
- The orthodontist watches how teeth are coming in
- Any retainers from Phase 1 may need to be worn
This break can last anywhere from a few months to a few years. It depends on when your child’s adult teeth finish coming in.
Why Not Just Do Everything at Once?
Great question! Here’s why the break matters:
- Teeth Need Time to Erupt: Forcing treatment before adult teeth come in can cause problems
- Jaw Needs to Grow: Natural growth helps the orthodontist see the full picture
- Kids Get a Break: A rest from treatment helps with cooperation later
- Better Planning: The orthodontist can plan Phase 2 more accurately
Benefits of Two-Phase Treatment
When both phases are needed, the benefits are big:
Prevents Future Problems
Catching issues early means they don’t turn into bigger problems. You might avoid:
- Tooth extractions
- Jaw surgery
- Longer treatment time later
- More complex and expensive care
Works With Growth
A goal of early orthodontic treatment is to correct existing or developing skeletal, dental, and muscle imbalances to improve the mouth and face environment before permanent teeth finish coming in.
Young jaws are still growing and easier to guide. After growth stops, some problems become harder or impossible to fix without surgery.
Builds Confidence
Kids with severe crowding or bite problems may feel embarrassed about their smile. Phase 1 can improve their appearance early, boosting confidence during important growing years.
Shorter Phase 2
When Phase 1 does the heavy lifting of jaw correction, Phase 2 can focus just on alignment. This often means:
- Shorter time in braces
- Less complex treatment
- Better results overall
Understanding Treatment Costs
Let’s break down what you might pay for orthodontic care at aligned. Orthodontics and how to make it affordable.
Total Investment
If your child needs both phases:
- Phase 1: $1,500-$3,500
- Phase 2: $3,000-$6,000
- Total: $4,500-$9,500
If your child only needs one phase:
- One-phase treatment: $3,000-$7,000
Remember, these are average ranges. Your actual cost depends on your child’s specific needs.
Insurance Coverage
Most dental insurance plans help with orthodontic costs. Typically, plans cover:
- 25-50% of treatment costs
- Up to a lifetime maximum (usually $1,500-$3,000)
- Both children and sometimes teens
Important: Most insurance plans have one lifetime maximum for orthodontics. This means if you use benefits for Phase 1, less may be available for Phase 2. However, if you get new insurance between phases, you may have fresh benefits!
Payment Options
At aligned. Orthodontics, we work with families to make treatment affordable. Common options include:
- Monthly payment plans with no interest
- Using Health Savings Accounts (HSA) or Flexible Spending Accounts (FSA)
- Dental financing companies
- Family discounts when multiple kids need treatment
Is Two-Phase Treatment Worth the Cost?
Many parents wonder if paying for both phases is worth it. Here’s what research shows:
Investing in early orthodontics often means a smoother, shorter Phase 2 treatment. This can actually save money in the long run by avoiding:
- Tooth removal procedures
- Jaw surgery (which costs much more)
- Longer treatment times in Phase 2
- More complex problems later
Think of Phase 1 as preventive care. Just like fixing a small leak in your roof costs less than replacing the whole roof later!
How to Know Which Phase Your Child Needs
The only way to know for sure is through an orthodontic evaluation. Here’s what happens:
The First Visit
It’s recommended that children see an orthodontist by age 7. At aligned. Orthodontics, Dr. Vanderstelt will:
- Examine Your Child’s Mouth: Look at teeth, bite, and jaw
- Take X-Rays: See teeth that haven’t come in yet
- Use 3D Scanning: Get detailed digital images
- Discuss Findings: Explain what she sees and recommends
Three Possible Outcomes
After the exam, you’ll learn one of three things:
1. No Treatment Needed Now Your child’s teeth and jaw are developing fine. Come back for checkups to monitor growth.
2. Treatment Needed Later A problem exists, but it’s better to wait. The orthodontist will watch your child’s development with regular checkups.
3. Treatment Needed Now A problem exists that will get worse if not treated. Phase 1 treatment is recommended soon.
Questions to Ask Your Orthodontist
When you visit for a consultation, ask:
- Does my child need Phase 1, Phase 2, or both?
- What problems are you seeing?
- What happens if we wait?
- How long will each phase take?
- What will each phase cost?
- What payment options do you offer?
- How often will we need appointments?
What to Expect During Treatment
Let’s walk through what your child’s journey might look like.
Phase 1 Experience
Getting Started Your child will get fitted with their device or appliance. The orthodontist will show them how it works and how to care for it.
Regular Appointments Most kids come in every 4-8 weeks. These visits are quick—usually 15-30 minutes. The orthodontist checks progress and makes adjustments.
Daily Care Your child needs to:
- Brush teeth carefully around any devices
- Avoid hard, sticky, or crunchy foods
- Wear any removable devices as instructed
- Keep the orthodontist updated on any problems
The Rest Period After Phase 1 ends, your child may wear a retainer. They’ll come back every 6-12 months for checkups until they’re ready for Phase 2.
Phase 2 Experience
Starting Phase 2 When all adult teeth are in, Phase 2 begins. Your child gets full braces or starts clear aligner treatment.
More Frequent Visits Appointments happen every 4-8 weeks. Each visit, the orthodontist tightens wires or checks aligner progress.
Teeth May Feel Sore Some soreness is normal for a few days after adjustments. Over-the-counter pain medicine helps. Eating soft foods for a day or two makes it easier.
The Big Reveal When braces come off or aligners are done, you’ll see the final smile! But the journey isn’t quite over yet.
Retainer Phase Teeth need to be held in their new positions. Your child will wear retainers full-time at first, then just at night. This can last for years—or even forever—to keep teeth straight.
Tips for Success During Treatment
Help your child get the best results with these tips:
Follow All Instructions
The orthodontist’s instructions aren’t suggestions—they’re essential! Make sure your child:
- Wears devices as directed
- Keeps appointments
- Takes care of their teeth
- Avoids foods that can damage braces
Maintain Great Oral Hygiene
Brushing and flossing become even more important during orthodontic treatment. Poor cleaning can lead to:
- Cavities
- White spots on teeth
- Gum disease
- Longer treatment time
At aligned. Orthodontics, we teach kids proper cleaning techniques to protect their teeth.
Watch What You Eat
During treatment, avoid:
- Hard foods (ice, hard candy, nuts)
- Sticky foods (caramel, gum, taffy)
- Crunchy foods (popcorn, chips, raw carrots)
- Foods you bite into (apples, corn on the cob)
These can break brackets or bend wires, leading to extra appointments and longer treatment.
Keep Retainers Safe
Retainers are easy to lose! Help your child by:
- Getting a retainer case in their favorite color
- Creating a routine (like putting it in the case during meals)
- Having a backup retainer made if possible
- Teaching them not to wrap it in napkins
The Role of Airway-Focused Orthodontics
At aligned. Orthodontics, we take a modern approach that goes beyond just straight teeth. We look at your child’s airway too.
Why Airways Matter
The way your child breathes affects their facial growth and overall health. Problems like narrow jaws and certain bite issues can make breathing harder.
Airway-focused care can help with:
- Better sleep quality
- Reduced snoring
- Improved behavior and focus
- Better overall health
How Phase 1 Helps Airways
Some Phase 1 treatments, especially palatal expanders, can improve nasal breathing. When the upper jaw is widened, nasal passages open up too. This makes breathing easier.
If you’re interested in learning more, check out our page on airway-focused orthodontics.
Common Questions Parents Ask
Can My Child Play Sports During Treatment?
Yes! We recommend wearing a mouthguard to protect braces and teeth. Special mouthguards work with braces.
What If a Bracket Breaks?
Call the orthodontist right away. While not always an emergency, broken brackets should be fixed soon to keep treatment on track.
Will Treatment Hurt?
Most kids feel pressure or soreness for a few days after adjustments. It’s not severe pain—more like teeth that are a bit tender. This goes away quickly.
Can We Skip Phase 1 and Just Do Phase 2?
Sometimes yes, sometimes no. If the orthodontist recommends Phase 1, there’s usually a good reason. Skipping it might mean:
- Longer Phase 2 treatment
- Need for tooth extractions
- Less stable results
- Possible need for jaw surgery later
What If We Move During Treatment?
Orthodontists can transfer care to a new office. There may be some fees, but your child’s treatment can continue.
Does My Child Really Need Treatment at Age 7?
The first visit at age 7 is just for checking—not necessarily for starting treatment! The AAO doesn’t advocate comprehensive orthodontic treatment at age 7. But checking early helps catch problems before they become serious.
Choosing the Right Orthodontist
Finding the right orthodontist for your child’s care is important. Look for:
Qualifications
Choose an orthodontist, not just a general dentist who does braces. Orthodontists have 2-3 extra years of specialized training after dental school.
Learn about the difference between dentists and orthodontists here.
Experience With Children
Ask how much experience the orthodontist has treating kids. A practice that specializes in children and teens will be better equipped to handle young patients.
Modern Technology
Today’s orthodontics uses advanced tools like:
- 3D scanning instead of messy impressions
- Digital X-rays with less radiation
- Computer planning for precise results
At aligned. Orthodontics, Dr. Vanderstelt uses the latest digital technology to make treatment more comfortable and effective.
Comfortable Environment
Your child will visit many times during treatment. Choose a place where they feel welcome and comfortable. At our Denver office, we offer a Comfort Menu with Netflix and beverages to help kids relax.
Clear Communication
The orthodontist should explain everything clearly and answer all your questions. You should never feel rushed or confused about your child’s treatment plan.
See what to expect at your first consultation.
When Treatment Isn’t Needed Right Away
Remember, not every 7-year-old needs treatment immediately. Many kids just need monitoring.
The Watch-and-Wait Approach
If no urgent problems exist, the orthodontist may recommend regular checkups every 6-12 months. During these visits, they’ll:
- Track how teeth are coming in
- Watch jaw growth
- Spot problems as they develop
- Start treatment at the perfect time
This approach means you don’t pay for treatment before it’s needed, but you catch problems early enough to fix them easily.
Why Early Evaluation Still Matters
Even if treatment isn’t needed now, that first visit at age 7 gives valuable information. The orthodontist creates a baseline to compare against as your child grows.
Learn more about the importance of early orthodontic care.
The aligned. Orthodontics Difference
At aligned. Orthodontics, we offer more than just straight teeth. Dr. Vanderstelt focuses on three key areas:
The Three A’s of Care
Airway: We look at how your child breathes and how it affects their facial growth and health.
Alignment: We correct your child’s bite and straighten their smile for both function and appearance.
Aesthetics: We create beautiful smiles that boost confidence and self-esteem.
This complete approach means your child gets care that improves not just how their teeth look, but how they work and how they affect overall health.
Family-Focused Practice
As a mom of three, Dr. Vanderstelt understands what parents want for their children. She created aligned. Orthodontics to be:
- Welcoming and comfortable
- Modern with the latest technology
- Focused on the whole child, not just teeth
- Convenient with online booking
Personalized Treatment Plans
No two smiles are the same. We create custom treatment plans based on your child’s specific needs, not a one-size-fits-all approach.
Meet Dr. Vanderstelt and learn about her approach.
Final Thoughts
Phase 1 and Phase 2 orthodontic treatment work together to give your child a healthy, beautiful smile that lasts a lifetime.
Phase 1 (ages 6-10) fixes jaw growth and bite problems early when bones are still developing. Phase 2 (ages 11-14) straightens all the teeth and perfects the smile once adult teeth are in. Not every child needs both phases, but for those who do, the two-phase approach can prevent serious problems and lead to better results.
The key is getting an early evaluation by age 7. This first visit helps the orthodontist spot problems early and plan treatment at the right time. Whether your child needs treatment now or later, you’ll have the information and guidance you need.
At aligned. Orthodontics, we’re here to guide your family through every step of the journey. From that first consultation to the final day of treatment, we’ll work together to create a smile your child will love for life.
Ready to learn what your child needs? Book an appointment today to get started. We offer complimentary consultations and flexible payment options to make orthodontic care accessible for every family.
Your child’s best smile is waiting—and we’re here to help make it happen!